Main Causes of Male Factor Infertility
Every 10th couple in this world is suffering from infertility problems because of female or male infertility factor. So semen diagnosis is essential in males. For this a man needs to abstain from ejaculation for minimum two to three hours however it is not essential in all cases. He then develops a semen specimen by masturbating in to a clean labeled plastic container provided at the male infertility treatment centre in India or at home. In few cases two semen samples are received because the sperm quality varies with the passage of time.
Causes of male factor infertility
Inadequate sperm quality- The commonly occurred issues in males are inadequate sperm count. The issues can be because of development of inadequate sperms. The quality is often by motility and shape. A usual sample shows 20 million sperms per ml among of which will be active. On the base of count, shape and motility various terminologies are utilized such as asthenospermia, teratospermia etc.
Additional tests such as Hypo-osmotic swelling test, DNA fragmentation Index, Reactive oxygen species, Nuclear chromatin decondensation analysis etc can be performed to determine the sperm capacity to perform egg fertilization. Few fertility eggs and antioxidants can enhance sperm count and volume. Most of the male infertility issues need latest assisted reproductive treatment such as ICSI.
Sperm Absence: Sperm absence in the semen analysis is referred as azoospermia. It can be caused by blocked or absent tubes or damaged testicles. The vas deferens performs sperm movement from testicles to ejaculate. So the associated tests for the above conditions such as genetic screening cystic fibrosis and X ray are performed.
If the tests performed give the normal results, thereafter another surgical method named surgical sperm retrieval procedure such as percutaneous sperm retrieval or testicular sperm aspiration, biopsies can be conducted to extract sperms from the blocked areas or production area. If sperm absence is because of defected spermatogenesis therefore chromosomal evaluation particularly Y chromosome and its related genes causing spermatogenesis are performed to find the reasons and it also describes the feasibility of sperm extraction by SSR. It is usually conducted brutal oligoasthenoteratozoospermia
Medicine and Life Style: Consumption of alcohol, medicines, illegal drugs like Cocaine, pollution and bad life style have a severe effect on semen quality. Specific medicines for example sulfasalazine are used for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis can severely affect the sperm development. Although the influences are nominal and a male health gets normal again after receiving the treatment. Prolong use and extensive side effects of steroids will decrease the sperm count and affect their activity. In few cases, the cancer treatment also vigorously affects the sperm development in men. Although latest techniques for sperm freezing is an alternative to secure fertility during the cancer treatment.
